2025-2026

SEMESTRE 1

mise à jour : 03/10/2024

thème : ALWASSILA

leçons / devoirs 9

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<h1><span style="font-size:24pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:"DINOT-Light",serif"><span style="color:#231f20">Grammar :</span></span></span>                   <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:red">PRESENT PERFECT TENSE</span></span></span></span></h1>

<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:18.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">1. USE (When do we use it?)</span></span></strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">We use the <strong>present perfect</strong> to talk about:</span></span></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Segoe UI Symbol",sans-serif">✅</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"> 1. Experiences (things we have done at some point in our life)</span></span></strong></span></span></p>

<ul>
	<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><em><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">I have visited Spain.</span></span></em></span></span></li>
</ul>

<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Segoe UI Symbol",sans-serif">✅</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"> 2. Recent actions when the time is not important</span></span></strong></span></span></p>

<ul>
	<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><em><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">She has just finished her homework.</span></span></em></span></span></li>
</ul>

<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Segoe UI Symbol",sans-serif">✅</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"> 3. Actions that started in the past and continue now</span></span></strong></span></span></p>

<ul>
	<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><em><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">They have lived here for 10 years.</span></span></em></span></span></li>
</ul>

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<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:24.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">2. SIGNAL WORDS</span></span></strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">These words often go with the Present Perfect:</span></span></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Ever / never</span></span></strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Just</span></span></strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Already</span></span></strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Yet</span></span></strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Since / for</span></span></strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Recently / lately</span></span></strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">So far / up to now</span></span></strong></span></span></p>

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<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:24.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">3. FORM</span></span></strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Segoe UI Symbol",sans-serif">➡</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Segoe UI Symbol",sans-serif">️</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"> Affirmative</span></span></strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Subject + have/has + past participle</span></span></strong></span></span></p>

<ul>
	<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><em><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">I have eaten.</span></span></em></span></span></li>
	<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><em><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">She has gone.</span></span></em></span></span></li>
</ul>

<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Segoe UI Symbol",sans-serif">➡️</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"> Negative</span></span></strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Subject + have/has + not + past participle</span></span></strong></span></span></p>

<ul>
	<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><em><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">I have not eaten.</span></span></em></span></span></li>
	<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><em><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">He has not finished.</span></span></em></span></span></li>
</ul>

<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Segoe UI Symbol",sans-serif">➡️</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"> Question</span></span></strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Have/Has + subject + past participle?</span></span></strong></span></span></p>

<ul>
	<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><em><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Have you seen this movie?</span></span></em></span></span></li>
	<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><em><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Has she arrived?</span></span></em></span></span></li>
</ul>

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<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:24.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">4. EXAMPLES</span></span></strong></span></span></p>

<ul>
	<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><em><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">I have already done my homework.</span></span></em></span></span></li>
	<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><em><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">She has never traveled by plane.</span></span></em></span></span></li>
	<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><em><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">We have lived here since 2015.</span></span></em></span></span></li>
	<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><em><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Have they finished yet?</span></span></em></span></span></li>
	<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><em><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">He has just left.</span></span></em></span></span></li>
</ul>

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<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:24.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">5. EXERCISE</span></span></strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">A. Complete the sentences with the Present Perfect. Use the verb in brackets.</span></span></strong></span></span></p>

<ol>
	<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">I __________ (eat) breakfast already.</span></span></span></span></li>
	<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">She __________ (not/finish) her work yet.</span></span></span></span></li>
	<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">________ you ________ (ever/see) a dolphin?</span></span></span></span></li>
	<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">They __________ (live) in London for three years.</span></span></span></span></li>
	<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">He __________ (just/arrive) home.</span></span></span></span></li>
	<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">We __________ (visit) that museum before.</span></span></span></span></li>
	<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">________ she ________ (do) her homework yet?</span></span></span></span></li>
	<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">My parents __________ (travel) to Italy many times.</span></span></span></span></li>
	<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">I __________ (not/be) to Paris.</span></span></span></span></li>
	<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">The students __________ (start) the project recently.</span></span></span></span></li>
</ol>

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