Grammar :                   PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

1. USE (When do we use it?)

We use the present perfect to talk about:

✅ 1. Experiences (things we have done at some point in our life)

• I have visited Spain.

✅ 2. Recent actions when the time is not important

• She has just finished her homework.

✅ 3. Actions that started in the past and continue now

• They have lived here for 10 years.

2. SIGNAL WORDS

These words often go with the Present Perfect:

Ever / never

Just

Already

Yet

Since / for

Recently / lately

So far / up to now

3. FORM

➡️ Affirmative

Subject + have/has + past participle

• I have eaten.
• She has gone.

➡️ Negative

Subject + have/has + not + past participle

• I have not eaten.
• He has not finished.

➡️ Question

Have/Has + subject + past participle?

• Have you seen this movie?
• Has she arrived?

4. EXAMPLES

• I have already done my homework.
• She has never traveled by plane.
• We have lived here since 2015.
• Have they finished yet?
• He has just left.

5. EXERCISE

A. Complete the sentences with the Present Perfect. Use the verb in brackets.

1. I __________ (eat) breakfast already.
2. She __________ (not/finish) her work yet.
3. ________ you ________ (ever/see) a dolphin?
4. They __________ (live) in London for three years.
5. He __________ (just/arrive) home.
6. We __________ (visit) that museum before.
7. ________ she ________ (do) her homework yet?
8. My parents __________ (travel) to Italy many times.
9. I __________ (not/be) to Paris.
10. The students __________ (start) the project recently.